Ovarian torsion refers to a condition in which the ovary of a woman has rotated to a degree that it can occlude the vein or ovary artery. The medical condition is found most commonly in younger females who are in their reproductive years.
In simpler words, ovary torsion occurs when an ovary cysts twist to a certain degree. Women suffering from ovary torsion experience a sudden onset of lower abdomen pain as well as nausea and vomiting. The pain may also radiate to the lower back, thighs and side. Constipation, mild fever, diarrhea and tachycardia may also occur along with the pain.
There are a number of conditions which can result in ovarian torsion. These could range from abnormal changes in normal ovaries or any disease that harms the ovary or tube. When changes or spasms occur in the blood vessels of the normal ovaries, ovary torsion may occur. Ovary cysts, trauma in either of the tubes or the ovaries may result in ovary torsion. Sometimes unusualness in the size and shape of the ovary may also result in rotation.
The diagnosis of ovarian torsion is difficult. Most often an operation is conducted even before the diagnosis is confirmed. It has been suggested that Doppler ultrasound should be used to diagnose ovary torsion. Lack of blood flow from the ovaries on the Doppler sonography is a good predictor of the disease.
The treatment for ovarian torsion includes laparoscopy used to unwind the twisted ovary. Oophoropexy may also be done to fix the ovary which may torse again. Blood flow is sometimes cut off to the ovary in severe cases for a long period of time. Necrosis of the ovary may occur and the ovary may have to be removed surgically.
Ovarian torsion generally occurs in only one ovary. They may happen in enlarged or normal ovaries and fallopian tubes.
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